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1 jugum
jŭgum, i, n. [kindred to Sanscr. yuga from yug-, jungere; Gr. zugon; v. jungo], a yoke for oxen, a collar for horses.I.Lit.:B.nos onera quibusdam bestiis, nos juga imponimus,
Cic. N. D. 2, 60, 151:leones jugo subdere, et ad currum jungere,
Plin. 8, 16, 21, § 55:(bos) juga detractans,
Verg. G. 3, 57:tauris solvere,
id. E. 4, 41:frena jugo concordia ferre,
id. A. 3, 542; Ov. M. 12, 77:jugum excutere,
Curt. 4, 15, 16.—Transf.1.A yoke, pair, team of draught-cattle:2.ut minus multis jugis ararent,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 51, § 120; a pair of horses, Verg. A. 5, 147:aquilarum,
a pair, Plin. 10, 4, 5, § 16.— Plur.:nunc sociis juga pauca boum,
Juv. 8, 108; also for the chariot itself, Verg. A. 10, 594; Sil. 7, 683:curtum temone jugum,
Juv. 10, 135.—A juger of land:3.in Hispania ulteriore metiuntur jugis: jugum vocant, quod juncti boves uno die exarare possint,
Varr. R. R. 1, 10 (but in Plin. 18, 3, 3, § 9, the correct reading is jugerum; v. Sillig ad h. l.).—A beam, lath, or rail fastened in a horizontal direction to perpendicular poles or posts, a cross-beam, cross-rail:4.palmes in jugum insilit,
Plin. 17, 22, 35, § 175:vineam sub jugum mittere,
Col. 4, 22.—Esp. as the symbol of humiliation and defeat, a yoke, consisting of two upright spears, and a third laid transversely upon them, under which vanquished enemies were made to pass:5.cum male pugnatum apud Caudium esset, legionibus nostris sub jugum missis,
Cic. Off. 3, 30, 109:exercitum sub jugum mittere,
Caes. B. G. 1, 12; 1, 7; Quint. 3, 8, 3; Liv. 1, 26, 13; 2, 34, 9 al.; also,sub jugo mittere,
id. 3, 28 fin. —The constellation Libra:6.Romam, in jugo cum esset luna, natam esse dicebat,
Cic. Div. 2, 47, 98.—The beam of a weaver's loom:7.tela jugo vincta est,
Ov. M. 6, 55.—A rower's bench, Verg. A. 6, 411.—8.A height or summit of a mountain, a ridge; also, a chain of mountains:II.in immensis qua tumet Ida jugis,
Ov. H. 5, 138:montis,
Verg. E. 5, 76; Caes. B. C. 1, 70:suspectum jugum Cumis,
Juv. 9, 57; 3, 191.—Trop., yoke, bonds of slavery, matrimony, etc.: Pa. Jamne ea fert jugum? Ph. Tam a me pudicast quasi soror mea, Plaut. Curc. 1, 1, 50:cujus a cervicibus jugum servile dejecerant,
Cic. Phil. 1, 2, 6:Venus Diductos jugo cogit aëneo,
Hor. C. 3, 9, 18:accipere,
Just. 44, 5, 8:exuere,
to shake off, Tac. Agr. 31:excutere,
Plin. Pan. 11:nondum subacta ferre jugum valet Cervice,
the yoke of marriage, Hor. C. 2, 5, 1. —Of misfortune:ferre jugum pariter dolosi,
Hor. C. 1, 35, 28:pari jugo niti,
to work with equal efforts, Plin. Ep. 3, 9, 9:calamitates terroresque mortalium sub jugum mittere,
to subjugate, Sen. de Prov. 4 init.:felices, qui ferre incommoda vitae, nec jactare jugum vita didicere magistra,
Juv. 13, 22.
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